Hemp fiber classification
Hemp fiber is a collective name for fibers obtained from various hemp fabrics. There are many varieties of natural hemp, but their classification is very simple. The fibers can be divided into two categories. One is made from the bast on bast stems, such as ramie, flax, hemp, and jute, and the other is made from the leaves of hemp plants, such as jute and sisal. More used on textiles are ramie and linen.
Ramie originated in China, also known as "Chinese grass." At present, China, the Philippines, and Brazil are the main producers of ramie. China's ramie is mainly produced in "two lakes", "Guangzhou-Guangxi", Jiangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places. China's ramie has high content of cellulose, high strength, good luster and is widely welcomed by the international market. Flax is mainly produced in Russia, Poland, Germany, Belgium, France, Ireland and other countries. Among them, Northern Ireland and Belgium are the world’s largest exporters of flax. Heilongjiang and Jilin are the main producing areas of flax in China. In recent years, some cannabis and apocynum fabrics have also appeared on the market. Because Apocynum has bactericidal anti-inflammatory effects, it is commonly used in health care fabrics.
Composition and Morphology of Hemp Fiber
1. The composition of hemp fiber
The main components of hemp fiber are cellulose, pectin, lignin, wax, and water-soluble substances. The composition and percentage of hemp fiber are shown in the table below.
Fiber Types Cellulose Hemicellulose Lignin Pectin Water-Soluble Substances Fats and Wax Ash Other Ramie 65 ~ 75 14 ~ 16 0.8 ~ 1.5 4 ~ 5 4 ~ 8 0.5 ~ 1.0 2 ~ 5 - Linen 70 ~ 80 12 ~ 15 2.5 ~ 5 1.4 ~ 5.7 - 1.2 ~ 1.8 0.8 ~ 1.3 0.3 ~ 0.6 Apocynum 40.82 15.46 12.14 13.28 17.22 1.08 3.82 -
The content of cellulose is high, the quality of hemp fiber is good, and the content of lignin is high. The hemp fiber is rough, brittle, poor in elasticity, poor in gloss, and difficult to dye. Therefore, the composition of hemp fiber has a great influence on its quality.
2. The morphology of hemp fiber
Hemp fiber uneven thickness, irregular section. The cross section of the ramie is oblate and has a large middle cavity. The thick section looks like a small crack, unlike cotton. The cross-section of linen is an irregular polygon, which also has a middle cavity; it is longitudinally straight and consists of horizontal stripes, which largely determines the natural rough appearance and feel of linen fabrics.
The morphological structure of ramie fiber
The basic characteristics of hemp fiber
Hemp fiber is good in hygroscopicity, moisture absorption and desorption are very fast, and the thermal conductivity is good. It is not close after sweating, especially for summer fabrics. Hemp fiber is not prone to static electricity. Hemp fiber has a good luster and the colors are ivory, brown and gray, and there are color differences between the fibers. The formed fabrics often have uneven color texture features. Hemp fiber is not easy to bleach and dye. Hemp fiber has high strength, fabric is more durable, more washable. Hemp fiber has good heat resistance and the ironing temperature can reach 190 ~ 210 °C. The ironing temperature is the highest in common fibers. Hemp fiber is alkali-resistant, acid-alkaline stronger than cotton. The disadvantage of hemp fiber is its poor elasticity. Its fabric is relatively rigid and easy to wrinkle, and wrinkles are not easy to disappear. Hairy feathers are pungent when in contact with people. High-grade suits and coats of hemp fabrics have to undergo wrinkle-free finishing, which can be modified to produce softer and smoother products. Hemp fiber is more brittle and hard, and it has poor compression and elasticity, and it is easy to break at places where it is often folded. Therefore, it is not easy to press heavily when it is stored, and it is not easy to repeat ironing at the pleats of the fabric, so as to avoid breaking at the pleats.
The difference between ramie and linen
Ramie and flax are similar in performance, except that ramie is thicker and longer than flax fiber, higher in strength, more brittle, and easier to break in places where it is folded. Therefore, pleated styling should be avoided when re-designing ramie clothing. Do not fold it during maintenance. The ramie is white in color and has a good luster. The dyed currency has good linen and is easy to get richer colors than linen. Ramie and linen are widely used in clothing, tablecloths, napkins, handkerchiefs, tents, bullet bags, and hoses.
For more information, please pay attention to China bubu.com
Hemp fiber is a collective name for fibers obtained from various hemp fabrics. There are many varieties of natural hemp, but their classification is very simple. The fibers can be divided into two categories. One is made from the bast on bast stems, such as ramie, flax, hemp, and jute, and the other is made from the leaves of hemp plants, such as jute and sisal. More used on textiles are ramie and linen.
Ramie originated in China, also known as "Chinese grass." At present, China, the Philippines, and Brazil are the main producers of ramie. China's ramie is mainly produced in "two lakes", "Guangzhou-Guangxi", Jiangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places. China's ramie has high content of cellulose, high strength, good luster and is widely welcomed by the international market. Flax is mainly produced in Russia, Poland, Germany, Belgium, France, Ireland and other countries. Among them, Northern Ireland and Belgium are the world’s largest exporters of flax. Heilongjiang and Jilin are the main producing areas of flax in China. In recent years, some cannabis and apocynum fabrics have also appeared on the market. Because Apocynum has bactericidal anti-inflammatory effects, it is commonly used in health care fabrics.
Composition and Morphology of Hemp Fiber
1. The composition of hemp fiber
The main components of hemp fiber are cellulose, pectin, lignin, wax, and water-soluble substances. The composition and percentage of hemp fiber are shown in the table below.
Fiber Types Cellulose Hemicellulose Lignin Pectin Water-Soluble Substances Fats and Wax Ash Other Ramie 65 ~ 75 14 ~ 16 0.8 ~ 1.5 4 ~ 5 4 ~ 8 0.5 ~ 1.0 2 ~ 5 - Linen 70 ~ 80 12 ~ 15 2.5 ~ 5 1.4 ~ 5.7 - 1.2 ~ 1.8 0.8 ~ 1.3 0.3 ~ 0.6 Apocynum 40.82 15.46 12.14 13.28 17.22 1.08 3.82 -
The content of cellulose is high, the quality of hemp fiber is good, and the content of lignin is high. The hemp fiber is rough, brittle, poor in elasticity, poor in gloss, and difficult to dye. Therefore, the composition of hemp fiber has a great influence on its quality.
2. The morphology of hemp fiber
Hemp fiber uneven thickness, irregular section. The cross section of the ramie is oblate and has a large middle cavity. The thick section looks like a small crack, unlike cotton. The cross-section of linen is an irregular polygon, which also has a middle cavity; it is longitudinally straight and consists of horizontal stripes, which largely determines the natural rough appearance and feel of linen fabrics.
The morphological structure of ramie fiber
The basic characteristics of hemp fiber
Hemp fiber is good in hygroscopicity, moisture absorption and desorption are very fast, and the thermal conductivity is good. It is not close after sweating, especially for summer fabrics. Hemp fiber is not prone to static electricity. Hemp fiber has a good luster and the colors are ivory, brown and gray, and there are color differences between the fibers. The formed fabrics often have uneven color texture features. Hemp fiber is not easy to bleach and dye. Hemp fiber has high strength, fabric is more durable, more washable. Hemp fiber has good heat resistance and the ironing temperature can reach 190 ~ 210 °C. The ironing temperature is the highest in common fibers. Hemp fiber is alkali-resistant, acid-alkaline stronger than cotton. The disadvantage of hemp fiber is its poor elasticity. Its fabric is relatively rigid and easy to wrinkle, and wrinkles are not easy to disappear. Hairy feathers are pungent when in contact with people. High-grade suits and coats of hemp fabrics have to undergo wrinkle-free finishing, which can be modified to produce softer and smoother products. Hemp fiber is more brittle and hard, and it has poor compression and elasticity, and it is easy to break at places where it is often folded. Therefore, it is not easy to press heavily when it is stored, and it is not easy to repeat ironing at the pleats of the fabric, so as to avoid breaking at the pleats.
The difference between ramie and linen
Ramie and flax are similar in performance, except that ramie is thicker and longer than flax fiber, higher in strength, more brittle, and easier to break in places where it is folded. Therefore, pleated styling should be avoided when re-designing ramie clothing. Do not fold it during maintenance. The ramie is white in color and has a good luster. The dyed currency has good linen and is easy to get richer colors than linen. Ramie and linen are widely used in clothing, tablecloths, napkins, handkerchiefs, tents, bullet bags, and hoses.
For more information, please pay attention to China bubu.com
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