The Ming Dynasty's Ming and Qing Dynasty Jade Wares

Jadeware recently performed quite well at auctions. In particular, the Ming and Qing dynasties, which have a large stock, have a record-high turnover both in terms of trading volume and trading volume. This has driven the private transactions of the Ming and Qing dynasties to a large extent. market. However, how many of the masses of Ming and Qing dynasties on the market are not true? Each speaks different things. Therefore, only the common dragon pattern identification on Ming and Qing dynasties is used as an example to provide some basis for many jade lovers.

In the Ming Dynasty, the cutting edge was deep and the face was long and wide. Most of the faces were face, but both eyes were exposed. The eyes were round eyes. They used a small round tube to drill a deep groove to the middle. Round-nailed nails are eyes that are highly prominent and are commonly referred to as "shrimp eye". The dragon's eyes in the Ming Dynasty were also slashed, vertical, and flat. The typical feature of hairstyles is short hair, flushed upward from the root. The legs of the dragon in the middle and late period of the Ming Dynasty were very thin, with a dense short Yin line engraved in the middle. The calf was like a straight bar with no skeletal sensation; there was a deep knife edge in the joint between the thigh and calf. , And in the back of the joints like a goatee-like leg hair; claws are windmills, with 3 to 5 claws, but more common is the four-claw dragon, five-claw dragon. In the Ming dynasty, you couldn't see dragons. The whole body was made of diagonal plaids to show scales. The body was lanky, the tails were decorated, some were moire and some were flame patterns, but the Ming dynasty was rougher than any other era. .

There are ancient dragons in the Qing Dynasty and dragons in this era. In the Qing Dynasty, the dragon's head was wide and full, the angle of the dragon was wide, the leader was shorter than the Ming Dynasty, and the hairstyle was irregular. It seemed to grow from around the head and flew everywhere. It was more appropriate to describe it with “bashing the crown”; the eyes were also convex. Carved round eyes, the practice of the same with the Ming Dynasty, but polished around the nail, more detailed than the Ming Dynasty; eyebrows appear serrated eyebrows, and the chin is also represented by the sawtooth pattern. The dragon's scales are more realistic and more visualized. There are a variety of tail decorations, including maple leaves, flames, and zigzags. Legs, in addition to the goatee shape, show zigzag patterns. In addition, the dragon claws in the Qing Dynasty are also three. To the five claws, but the carving knife method is soft, not as powerful as previous generations. In the late Qing Dynasty, the leader was flat and short, with no charm, and its ornamentation was trivial and rigid.

Looking at the jade dragons of the Qing Dynasty, they found that their shapes were particularly complex and the number was extremely large, which caused great difficulties for the identification of Yulong in the Qing Dynasty. According to the author's experience, besides some traditional experiences, the identification of Yulong in the Qing Dynasty can also catch several key points.

First of all, the Yulong's materials in the Qing Dynasty were more excellent than before. The reason for this is very simple. This has a direct relationship with the ruling class of the Qing Dynasty who worshipped jade and jade, and the emperor had self-represented the true dragon. Especially in the era of Kangyen, the regime was stable and the territory was vast. The supply of jade materials throughout the country was able to continuously provide needs. The jade mines in the Hetian and Yeerji areas of Xinjiang, the best producing areas of jade in China, were fully exploited and use. Its variety of color and quality of green jade, white jade, topaz, Moyu, etc., especially the proportion of moist white white suet white jade, more than any previous era. The vast collection of jade vessels and furnishings in the Qing Dynasty, Hetian jade accounted for the vast majority; and in terms of body mass, there have also emerged an unprecedented system, such as the Palace Museum of Tibet Erye Qingyun Yunlong up to 60 centimeters wide and 135 centimeters wide.禹 水 水 》 224 cm wide and 96 cm wide. Therefore, the Yulong in the Qing Dynasty, as a symbol of the emperor, is not eligible for ordinary civilians. Its material is often the best, and jade dragons with poor texture are almost all counterfeits.

Secondly, the production process of jade dragons in the Qing Dynasty presents a more complex phenomenon than the jade dragons using various jade techniques in the past. This is related to the special appreciation of customs and artistic concepts of the Manchu ruling class in the Qing Dynasty. It is not difficult to find that the Qing Dynasty, whether it is silk weaving process, clothing crafts, lacquer crafts, gold and silver crafts, all have the characteristics of being extremely complicated and even cumbersome. As for the cumbersome phenomenon on Yulong, it is also with the technology of jade jade for thousands of years. Accumulation has reached the level of omnipotence and culmination. Yulong is a symbol of the Son of Heaven, so it is entirely understandable to concentrate a large number or even all of its craftsmanship on it. Therefore, the jade carving, embossing, line engraving, concealment, ground reduction, sanding, polishing and other processes of the Yulong in the Qing Dynasty all show a delicate situation and are impeccable. Even jade dragons of all ages (including other jade objects) can often It is also difficult to find the cutting marks left by the opening of the jade material, which reflects the inexorable demand of the ruling class during the Qing Dynasty.

Third, the Yulong's plastic arts in the Qing Dynasty often give people a feeling of confusion and incomprehension. In fact, this is the development of the mainstream jade dragon in the Qing Dynasty, but also greatly developed the antique jade, especially the jade dragons on the various types of reference for the sake of re-creation.

However, in the Qing Dynasty, the characteristics of the mainstream jade dragons' styling and the cultural heritage are relatively uniform: They must be long and chaotic, and the old-fashioned dragon clocks. Similar to this type of sculpture, they can be aware of their belongings without much thought. Although there are many people who have deliberately sketched themselves into profuse and inconceivable poses, they look at their expressions, and they all express their uneasiness and lack of confidence. Even the dragon carved on the jade of the emperor's treasure, which symbolizes the power of the king, is also a listless and dazed look. In the Neolithic Age, Yulong was naturally full of life and was full of life. He was omnipotent at the mature stage of the Warring States Period and the Han Dynasty, a domineering image, and even the debilitating Tang and Tang dynasty in the Qing Dynasty. The backwardness of the feudal dynasty will be a clear indication of its withdrawal from the stage of history.